Our findings demonstrate that addition of sarcosine to antipsychotic treatment can cause increases of NAA and mI in DLPFC. These changes were associated with clinical improvement. It indicates that sarcosine improves neuron viability and integrity, and may activate neuroglial cells in brain regions essential for the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. It highlights the role of glutamatergic transmission in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and confirms that two grams of sarcosine administered daily may become an effective adjuvant in the management of schizophrenia.