[13]Vg=cov(Δy,Δg^) [14]Ve=var(Δg^)-Vg [15]Cg=cov(y,g^)-Vg [16]Ce=2cov(g^1,g^2)-var(g^)-Cg where Vg can be interpreted as the variance explained by real SNP effects, Cg is the covariance between predictors attributed to the real effects of SNPs that are not in LD but correlated due to population stratification, Ve is the accumulated variance due to the errors in estimating SNP effects, and Ce is the covariance between predictors attributed to errors in estimating the effects of SNPs that are correlated due to population stratification.
