Given the potential for reporting bias and lack of a control group in the present study, a replication sample would aid in providing further support for these findings. Nevertheless, these data constitute the largest descriptive study of selected immune-related diseases in childhood-onset OCD and point to a need for further controlled clinical studies to understand the potential interactions between OCD and comorbid medical conditions. To date, clinical evidence addressing comorbid autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in patients and family members with childhood-onset OCD has largely been limited to small studies focused on the putative PANS/PANDAS subtype (Supplementary Table S1).
