Our gene-based analysis using VEGAS identified an association with APOBR, the apolipoprotein B receptor. Lipoproteins may have pathophysiologic importance in lung disease 82; differences in apolipoprotein B have been described in association with lung function and COPD83,84, and a recent study identified an association between SNPs near APOM, lung function, and emphysema85. Similarly, our GRAIL analysis suggested a role for oncostatin M and its receptor, which may be of interest in COPD and emphysema86,87. Additional studies will be needed to confirm these findings.