These data support our hypothesis that the diminution of ADHD symptoms from childhood to late adolescence/early adulthood is linked to improvements in working memory during the same period of time in individuals with childhood-diagnosed ADHD with certain common genotypes of dopamine system genes. Specifically, the direction and strength of the relation between working memory and ADHD symptoms during development was specific to the higher-order manipulation component of working memory and moderated by DRD1 polymorphisms rs4532 and rs265978. Prediction of symptom remission (or lack thereof) over time by simultaneous improvements in working memory manipulation only occurred in individuals with two copies of the major/common allele at each of these SNPs. Conversely, ADHD symptoms and working memory manipulation were unrelated (i.e. ‘decoupled’) in minor allele carriers. Notably, the major alleles of rs4532 and rs265978 have been associated with increased D1 receptor expression (Huang et al., 2008). Developmental changes in ADHD symptoms were unrelated to changes in working memory maintenance regardless of DRD1 genotype. Furthermore, for DRD2, there were no significant associations between genotype, working memory manipulation and changes in ADHD symptoms. Finally,
