Engineered self-inactivating murine oncoretroviruses were used to co-express shRNA and a fluorescent marker in proliferating cells and their progeny as previously described (Ge et al., 2006). Specific shRNAs against mouse disc1 (shRNA-DISC1#1) (Duan et al., 2007; Faulkner et al., 2008; Kang et al., 2011; Kim et al., 2009) and mouse nkcc1 (shRNA-NKCC1) (Ge et al., 2006) have been characterized previously. Three shRNAs against mouse kcc2, two shRNAs against mouse γ2 subunit of GABAARs, one control shRNA were also examined.