Our second study took samples from three regions: Northern Thailand, China (Han Chinese), and Japan. The last two population samples were available from the International Hapmap Project [32]. The Thai samples (25 individuals after removing some close relatives and outliers) were collected by J. Seidman and S. Sangwatanaroj as part of a disease study, though here we focus on the population genetics. Our analysis of these data used 40,560 SNPs.