Genotype data was analyzed to confirm reported sex and reported ethnicity (Fig. 6). As expected, the homozygosity rate on the X chromosome separated male and female samples in both the MSSM-Penn-Pitt cohort (Fig. 6a) and the HBCC cohort (Fig. 6b). Genetic ancestry was inferred using GEMTools52 on autosomes and showed good concordance with reported ethnicity.