Chunk #20 — Mature Network Architecture Develops Via Segregation and Integration — Network Relationships Defined Using Region Matrix and Community Detection Methods
The methods described above (seed maps, region matrix analyses, and community detection techniques, network properties) have been used to describe the development of the brain's functional network architecture. Many of these analyses have focused on the task control and default mode networks. In adults, default mode regions were originally defined by the feature of decreased neural activity during attention-demanding tasks (Shulman et al. 1997; Raichle et al. 2001). Greicius and colleagues, in 2003, showed that brain regions sharing this characteristic of decreased activity during task also showed robust functional connectivity (Greicius et al. 2003). Multiple analyses have converged on a default mode network composed of a distributed set of brain regions including bilateral precu-neus, posterior cingulate, angular gyrus, inferior temporal, parahippocampal, superior frontal and medial prefrontal cortex regions, all shown in red in Fig. 3 (Fox et al. 2005; Greicius et al. 2003).
