The term “suicide’ can refer to several outcomes; i.e., thoughts, behaviors, attempts or completed suicides. Although each of these may have different determinants, in the literature reviewed herein, the author found no consistent differences across these outcomes; e.g., smoking, cessation or medications were not consistently more strongly associated with one vs. the others; thus, the article will use the simpler term “suicide” to refer to any or all of the above outcomes. Also, terms such as “self-injury” or “self harm” can refer to behaviors in which the intent was not to die; thus, these outcomes have not been included.
