When we consider racial/ethnic minority groups, additional indicators of environmental social control and trigger mechanisms may be potential moderators of genetic influences. In this section we will consider selected environments for which there is empirical precedent, including evidence of strong main effects for greater risk of heavy drinking and AUD in racial/ethnic minority groups, or evidence that the environmental influence may be more important for racial/ethnic minority subgroups than for Whites. These may be strong candidates for study in G–E relationships. Additionally, social contexts that constrain drinking also are important to consider in analyses of G–E effects on AUD.
