While there have been some well sampled large epidemiological studies of Native American tribes, prevalences of ASPD or CD in those populations have not been reported (Beals et al., 2005). However, there have been some smaller samples that have estimated rates within a specific tribe or a treatment subsample. In this American Indian sample, the lifetime prevalence's of ASPD (11.0%) and CD (7%) were high but were not higher than those reported by Hesselbrock and colleagues (2000, 2003) in Alaska Native alcoholics, in treatment, using the same diagnostic instrument as the present study (ASPD=35%; CD=39%). Duclos et al., (1998) reported that 16.7% of American Indian adolescent detainees on a Northern Plains reservation had a diagnosis of CD. In a southeastern American Indian tribe substance abuse treatment center, 74.2% of the adolescents sampled were found to have a CD diagnosis (Fisckenschjer and Novins, 2003; Novins et al., 2006). In the “Flower of Two Soils Project”, Canadian First Nations children were found to have high rates of CD but low rates of depression (Dion et al., 1998; Sack et al., 1993). Interestingly,
