Current research seeks to identify new treatment approaches that are based on knowledge of pathophysiology and to use this knowledge to tailor treatments to individual patients. There is relatively good evidence of dysfunctional mechanisms, at least at the neuroscientific systems level, that are linked to conduct disorder. The critical test will be whether this information can be used to predict the course of the disorder and identify treatment for individual patients. Given the state of the research, this will require many years. Nevertheless, preliminary findings suggest that measures reflecting the integrity of threat-related or decision-making circuitry might predict risk.8–10 Currently, there are virtually no data on biomarkers that might be used to predict the response to treatment, and there are only limited data on the ways in which current treatments alter pathophysiology.
