While most of the twin studies of the human EEG focused on the resting state oscillations, some studies also examined heritability of EEG characteristics in other functional states, such as conditions following administration of psychoactive drugs and sleep. It is important to note that genetic influences on EEG responses to challenge (e.g. pharmacological or psychological) can be distinct from genetic influences on resting-state EEG because challenge can activate neural networks that may be “silent” during resting baseline and thus help to reveal genetic influences specific to these networks.
