Individually, only one of the indicators of SES and neighborhood factors (single-parent household status) examined in our study was significantly associated with liability to alcohol use initiation and in only one of the models. However, inclusion of the set of indicators in analyses resulted in statistically significant changes in the hazard ratios for race and childhood trauma in both models, meaning that SES and neighborhood factors accounted in part for racial differences in liability to initiation as well as a significant proportion of the association between childhood trauma and alcohol use initiation.
