The NMDA receptor antagonist D-(−)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (D-AP5), the DR1/5 antagonist R(+) -7-Chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine hydrochloride (SCH23390), the DR2/3/4 antagonist (S)-3,5-Dichloro-N-[(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]-2,6-dih ydroxybenzamide hydrobromide (raclopride), the PKA inhibitor N-[2-(p-Bro mocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride (H89), the ERK1/2 inhibitor 1,4-Diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(o-aminophenyl mercapto)butadiene monoethanolate (U0126) and the PI3 kinase inhibitor 11-(acetyloxy)-1S,6bR,7,8,9aS,10,11R,11bR-octahydro-1-(methoxymethyl)-9a,11b-dimethyl-3H-furo[4,3,2-de]indeno[4,5-h]-2-ben zopyran-3,6,9-trione (wortmannin) were purchased from Tocris Cookson Ltd (Bristol, UK). The Akt (PKB) inhibitor triciribine (TCBN), the GSK3β inhibitor SB415286 and the kainate receptor agonist kainate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Stock solutions, at thousant times the final concentration, were made up in water, except for NBQX which was dissolved in dimethylsulphoxide, and stored in individual aliquots at −20°C. Final solutions were prepared freshly on the day of the experiment.