All measures of effortful control were administered in Grade 11. For parent and child report, the Effortful Control scale from the short form of the Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire–Revised (EATQ-R; Ellis and Rothbart 2005) was utilized. The EATQ-R was initially validated in a sample of youth ranging in age from 10 to 16 (Ellis and Rothbart 2001). Thus, the age of the current sample (16–17) at the assessment point represents a minor extension of the age range for which the measure was previously validated. The full EATQ-R consists of 12 subscales and has demonstrated adequate internal consistency and moderate convergence between adolescent and parent reports on each scale (Ellis 2002). For these analyses, adolescent and parent reports on the three subscales that constitute the Effortful Control scale were used.
