Air pollution was ranked sixth in terms of attributable DALYs in 2016. We found that 7·5% (6·6–8·4) of deaths globally were attributable to ambient air pollution in 2016 (4·1 million [3·6 million to 4·6 million] deaths, 1·3 million [1·1 million to 1·5 million] in South Asia). Countries with notably high levels of attributable deaths include China (11·1% [9·7–12·7] of all deaths attributable to ambient particulate matter) and India (10·6% [9·2–11·9] of all deaths). The diseases with the largest proportion of burden attributable to air pollution are LRI and COPD; ambient particulate matter is responsible for 27·5% (21·4–34·4) of all LRI and 26·8% (16·1–38·6) of COPD deaths and 33·3% (26·3–40·5) of LRI deaths in children younger than 5 years. In terms of overall ranking, ambient particulate matter has increased from seventh in 1990 with 115·2 million (99·1 million to 132·9 million) DALYs to sixth in 2016 with 105·7 million (94·2 million to 117·8 million) DALYs. For deaths, it is among the top ten ranked risk factors in 195 countries and territories, including India and China, where it was in third and
