Neuroimaging has augmented many of these neuropsychological measures in understanding the psychomotor functioning deficits in alcoholics. Rogers et al. (2012) investigated the functional connectivity between cerebellar and cortical brain regions in alcoholic patients. The connectivity analyses focused on cortical regions that exhibited fMRI responses associated with nondominant hand finger tapping in the patients, but not in controls. Functional connectivity in the patients was attenuated in circuits involving (a) premotor areas and the superior cerebellum and (b) prefrontal cortex and the inferior cerebellum. This pattern suggested that structural damage within frontocerebellar circuitry might be responsible for the motor deficits. However, because the alcoholics were abstinent for short durations (average of five days), the results might not reflect persistent effects. Pfefferbaum et al. (2009) also used DTI to assess white matter structural integrity in conjunction with psychomotor measures of balance and response speed. Balance was measured by requiring participants to stand on one foot, and response speed was measured when participants turned a knurled post between the thumb and forefinger, and when participants performed the Digit Symbol subtest of the Wechsler Adult
