Cooperative effects of ethanol and peroxide challenges in NPCs. At day 7 after exposure to ethanol for 24hr or 7d, NPCs were exposed for 14hr to 100 or 500 μM H2O2 and immunostained with antibodies against Oct4 and Casp3 (a), NLRP3 and Casp1 (c), and LC3B (d), or stained with Mitotracker and Lamp1 (b). Both single treatments with ethanol and H2O2 alter the normal patterns of the cell, but a remarkable enhancement of the single effects is evident by the concurrence of the two treatments. Scale bars: 50 μm (a–c), 10 μm (b–d)
