It should be noted that (1) the absolute values of SST and SSM are unknown, as are the absolute values of numerator and denominator of the t-statistic. However, in this approach, only the relative values are necessary to calculate power; (2) the t-test is associated with the ANOVA table. In this study, an ANOVA (and the associated F-test) is used owing to its ability to accommodate the concept of heritability and to adjust for covariate effects. Therefore, if a dominant or a recessive genetic model is considered, the t-test compares two sample means within an ANOVA framework, although an ANOVA t-test is different from a "two sample t-test".
