The current results extend previous research on the genetic moderation of prevention effects, extending differential effects to young adulthood as well as implicating biological factors that may confer resilience later in adulthood. In addition, this is the first study to examine the process by which family-based prevention programming may become biologically embedded in pathways related to attachment. Although interpretation of the likely effect of peripheral measures of OXTR methylation is complex for several reasons, requiring several caveats and cautions, the current results suggest that methylation biomarkers can provide a useful window on the development of attachment related biology, and that methylation of OXTR may capture this effect. Because methylation was measured in a peripheral tissue, however, the current results should be interpreted with caution as they may not reflect patterns of methylation in OXTR that would be observed in brain tissue. Likewise, because OXTR methylation is likely correlated with other methylation changes across the genome, it will be important to examine changes at OXTR in the context of these broader patterns in future research. Further, some researchers have found a
