Case-control analyses were completed utilizing chi-square tests within our sample of Caucasians and Hispanics for CD, AD and AUD phenotypes. Joint analyses of patient and control families were completed using Family Based Association Test (FBAT). FBAT extends and unifies previous family based approaches, does not require assumptions regarding distribution of the phenotype in the study sample, incorporates information from affected and unaffected subjects, and allows utilization of variable pedigree structures (Rabinowitz et al., 2000; Horvath et al., 2001).