Transplantation into the neonatal cortex of NOD-SCID IL2RG−/− mice was conducted as described previously (Wonders et al., 2008). In brief, ~ 50 × 103 cells were injected at following coordinates from bregma (2.0mm A, 2.5mm L, 1.0mm D), targeting cortical layers 3–6. All animal experiments were carried out in accordance with institutional and NIH guidelines.