Environmental influences on AUD had a negative association with remission, consistent with previous evidence that the development of AUD and remission from it represent distinct processes. Penick et al. (2010) found that only 18 of 300 variables measured before the development of alcohol abuse or dependence in males (Knop et al. 2003) were associated with both alcohol dependence and the failure to remit. Measures associated with the development of AUD (Knop et al. 2003) that had no association with the failure to remit from alcohol dependence at the 40-year follow-up (Penick et al. 2010) included socio-economic status of family at time of birth, familial alcohol problems, parental psychiatric problems, and number of life crises at age 19–20. The variables that were associated with failure to remit reduced to two factors: behavioral dyscontrol (with higher levels predicting failure to remit) and cognitive efficiency (with lower levels predicting failure to remit). In the current study, marriage was associated with remission from AUD and might reflect a life circumstance more closely aligned with behavioral control than dyscontrol. Marriage and stable relationships are associated
