associated genetic background surrounding the mutation will become progressively smaller (Figure 2). In general, the closer the marker is to the novel variant, the stronger the LD will be (Jorde, 1995), although there is not a perfect correspondence between distance and correlation. Some regions of the genome are more likely to have recombination events (these are called “hotspots”), leading to lower levels of LD between nearby markers. Accordingly, some stretches of the genome have high LD occurring over long distances, whereas other regions of the genome have very low LD.
