statistical mediation were evaluated using Mplus, Version 7 (Muthén and Muthén, 2012) based on bootstrapping with 1,000 resamples with results presented as 95% confidence intervals (mediation was present if the intervals did not cross zero). Good fit criteria for the measurement model and the SEM included: 1) comparative fit index (CFI) ≥ .90; 2) non-normal fit index (NNFI) close to 1.0; 3) root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) ≤ .05; and 4) standardized root mean squared residual (RMR) ≤ .08 (Hu and Bentler, 1998). Cohen effect sizes were used for ALC PROBS in the SEM and for hierarchical regression analyses to address Hypothesis 4, where .02 indicated small effects, .15 indicates medium effects, and .35 denotes a large effect (Cohen, 1992)
