The population sample consisted of 449 subjects from the Michigan Longitudinal Study (MLS) who were genotyped for two GABRA2 SNPs and for whom NEO-PI-R data were available. This is an ongoing multi-wave, community recruited prospective study of families of men with a drunk-driving conviction and AUD diagnosis who were living with a 3–5 year old son/daughter and the biological mother at time of recruitment (Mean age 32; range 22–46 at baseline). The study began recruitment in 1985. In addition, control families without a history of substance abuse were recruited from the same or socioeconomically comparable neighborhoods. Families identified during the community canvass for controls who also had an AUD diagnosis were recruited as well 31. Both the parental (246) and the offspring (203) generation are being followed (see Table 1 for detailed demographic information). 323 subjects were from 129 families with risk for alcoholism and 126 from 44 control families. The great majority were of Caucasian origin, with only 1.8% (8) of other ethnicity. All subjects were extensively assessed at 3-year intervals with behavioral and alcohol measures appropriate for age. 130 (51 female; 14 adult offspring) subjects had a lifetime alcohol dependence/abuse diagnosis.
