AD. Specifically, the parameter estimate of the main effect of negative reinforcement indicated a positive association with alcohol consumption when AD diagnosis was absent. The positive parameter for the interaction between negative reinforcement and AD indicated that the within-person association between negative reinforcement and alcohol consumption became stronger with the presence of alcohol dependence. Figure 1 illustrates the within-person associations between positive and negative reinforcement and alcohol consumption as a function of AD. As shown in Figure 1, the association between positive reinforcement and alcohol consumption did not significantly vary as a function of AD diagnosis. In contrast, the association between negative reinforcement and alcohol consumption increased as a function of individuals’ presence of AD.
