indicates an unequal ancestry composition in the current GWASs. The average sample size in the non-UKBB cohort studies was 43 516, with a meta-analysis of atrial fibrillation (48) having the largest sample size (1 030 836). In the UKBB cohort data, we incorporated summary statistics from three independent sources; the collected data therefore included varied sample sizes and distinct summary statistics (Supplementary Table S1).
