The Institutional Review Board at each contributing institution reviewed and approved the protocols for genetic studies under which all subjects were recruited. The Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE) is funded as part of the Gene Environment Association Studies (GENEVA) initiative supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute. The subjects were selected from three large, complementary datasets: COGA, Family Study of Cocaine Dependence (FSCD), and Collaborative Genetic Study of Nicotine Dependence (COGEND). In the present study, we removed 129 individuals from the SAGE study who were also part of the 118 extended families in COGA. A total of 2593 subjects of European descent with the maxdrinks measure (Table 1) were used for the association analysis. Further details of the SAGE sample have been described previously (Bierut et al. 2010).
