As described in the Introduction, neurocortical dynamics result from the activation of partially distinct and interacting cell assemblies; the mechanism of communication within these cell assemblies is synchronous oscillations. A number of authors have suggested that ASD may be characterized by reduced neural synchrony, especially of high-frequency (γ-band) oscillations (e.g., see Brock et al., 2002), although evidence to support this position is mixed. While some studies have shown lower levels of evoked γ-band power in those with ASD (Wilson et al., 2007), more recent data indicates that while evoked γ-band power may be reduced in those with ASD, induced γ-band power is increased, and inter-trial γ-band phase coherence (ITPC) is reduced (Rojas et al., 2008). The concept of “evoked” or “induced” EEG is defined by whether or not single-trial activity is time- and phase-locked to a stimulus (evoked activity), or whether it is perturbed by the stimulus, but neither time- nor phase-locked to it (induced activity). However, as the data presented above, and numerous other estimations of ITPC (e.g., Tallon-Baudry and Bertrand, 1999) illustrate, complete phase-locking across trials (i.e., ITPC
