101 anti-cancer compounds were provided by the National Cancer Institute-chemotherapeutic agents repository. A full list is provided in Supplementary Table 7. For MTS assays, 96-well plates were coated with matrigel (BD, cat. no. 354230) in a 37 °C cell culture incubator for 2 h. iNPCs and GTICs were enzymatically dissociated by Accutase (Innovative Cell Technologies, cat. no. AT-104). Live cell number was counted using a hemocytometer in the presence of Trypan Blue (Gibco, cat. no. 15250). For each iNPC line, 30,000 live cells were resuspended in 50 μl NSMM and seeded into one well of 96-well plate. For GTICs, 15,000 live cells were resuspended in 50 μl NSMM and seeded into one well of 96-well plate. The cells were allowed to grow in a 37 °C cell culture incubator for 24 h before compound/DMSO treatment. Compound/DMSO were diluted in NSMM (final concentration of 10 μM) and added into each well to make a 100-μl final volume. After 24 h compound/DMSO treatment, 20 μl MTS (Promega, G3580) was applied to each well of 96-well plate. Absorbance at 490 nm was recorded