Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11; Patton et al. 1995) score was the main predictor variable. The BIS-11 is a 30-item self-report questionnaire with items rated on a four-point scale. Recent evidence called into question the psychometric quality of the subscales of the BIS-11 (Steinberg et al. in press), thus only the total score was utilized (α=.70).
