beyond the fetal period, modifying the various neural maturational changes during childhood and adolescence192. This regional specificity of the PEMCS effects on the OFC and middle frontal cortex are consistent with the high concentration of nicotinic receptors found in these regions. The OFC and prefrontal cortex play an important role in social interaction and behavior, and their involvement may explain the high prevalence of social and behavioral problems frequently reported to occur in adolescents with PEMCS 193.
