intron of the LHPP gene, P=6.45×10−12) (11). A GWAS of depressive symptoms (heritability 23%–29%) (12, 13) in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium in approximately 50,000 people from the general population found no genome-wide significant associations (14). Due to the relatively small sample sizes, the previous GWAS of depressive disorders and depressive symptoms were arguably underpowered to detect small genetic effects (15, 16).
