Using the best-fitting model, we found a significant Stimulus Valence × Session × Group interaction effect on startle responses, F(9, 1612) = 1.89, p < .05. Figure 2 shows that among controls, abstainers, and relapsers, stimulus valence exerted a significant and consistent modulating effect on startle amplitude (unpleasant slides > neutral slides > pleasant slides > cigarette slides) across all sessions of the study.
