(cDIS) (Robins et al., 1998). These results were reported in a prior publication (Di Sclafani et al., 2007). Eighty-seven percent of LTAA were found to have at least one lifetime psychiatric diagnosis (including mood, anxiety, and externalizing disorders), compared to 58% of NAC. Thirty-five percent of LTAA with at least 18 months of abstinence (so that only periods after six months of abstinence are counted) had a current psychiatric diagnosis (often treated with medication) compared to 6% of NAC. Cognitive function was assessed using the MicroCog battery (Powell et al., 1993) supplemented by a number of individual tests, and was reported in a prior publication (Fein et al., 2006). LTAA performed comparably to NAC in all domains, except for a suggestion of persistent deficits in spatial processing abilities (Table 1). We also reported persistent cortical atrophy in LTAA compared to NAC, with parietal gray matter volumes being associated with spatial processing performance in LTAA, but not NAC (Fein et al., 2009). The ERP experiment to emotional facial expressions was administered during the EEG testing session on the third day.
