In this review we have highlighted the putative and hypothesized underlying neuro-teratogenic mechanisms, and selected findings from the behavioral and brain imaging literature, in infants, children, and young adults exposed prenatally to cocaine, methamphetamine, marijuana, alcohol, and tobacco. We specifically chose not to discuss the issue of prenatal exposure to opiates, as to date there has been only one neuroimaging study of this population202, and the literature describing possible teratogenic CNS effects of opiates in the developing child is almost non-existent.
