In summary, the present results indicate that the repeated systemic administration of a moderate dose of ethanol produces differential effects on protein expression in the ACB-shell between P, NP and W rats, suggesting significant strain × ethanol interactions. Ethanol produced effects on proteins involved in synaptic function within the ACB-shell of NP rats that were not observed for P and W rats; these alterations might be factors contributing to the low alcohol drinking characteristics of the NP line.