In this analysis we depart from the original Nelson et al. approach and exclude all drugs assigned an active development phase by Pharmaprojects, as it is unknown whether these development programs will ultimately lead to approval. This decision is consistent with other work estimating clinical success probabilities [18] [24]. We include unapproved drugs with unknown latest historical phase. A total of 20292 gene target-indication pairs were associated with at least one US/EU approved or inactive drug and included in the analysis.