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Chunk #9 — Methods — Participants

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Differentiating the Effects of Familial Risk for Alcohol Dependence and Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol on Offspring Brain Morphology.
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The present report is based on structural MRI (sMRI) scans of 107 third generation offspring who are part of an ongoing family study that selected families through their parents’ generation. A total of 52 high-risk (HR) offspring from maternal multiplex families with a high proportion of AD were studied along with 55 low-risk (LR) offspring. All participants in the MRI assessments were part of a larger longitudinal follow-up in which children, adolescents and young adults from high and low-familial risk for AD families were assessed clinically using age appropriate structured instruments. The offspring were followed through childhood at approximately annual intervals and through young adulthood, biennially. These follow-up visits provided extensive assessment of alcohol and drug use information obtained at each follow-up wave. All participants provided consent with each visit. Children provided assent with parental consent. The study has ongoing approval from the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board.