to TS, 48% of the cases have a diagnosis of ADHD and 53% have OCD. An additional set of 53 TS cases used for MLPA-based follow-up (see below) was also recruited through the Neuropaediatrics Clinic of Hospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl (Antioquia, Colombia), following the same diagnostic procedures. Population controls were obtained in Antioquia as part of on-going genetic diversity studies in the region [18]. For both, cases and controls, genealogical enquiries confirmed local ancestry in at least 6/8 great-grandparents. Because matched population controls from the CVCR were unavailable, and based on the close genetic relatedness of Antioquia and the CVCR, Antioquian controls were contrasted with Antioquian and Costa Rican cases accounting for stratification (see below). All samples were genotyped using Illumina Human660 arrays as part of the TSAICG genome-wide association study of TS [8].
