Large-scale sequencing of the genome is providing another new perspective. Thanks to this new technology, we now know that the average person harbors about 10,000 mutations that directly affect protein expression or structure, some 200 of which amount to total gene “knock-outs” [MacArthur et al 2012]. How big a role such dramatic variation will play in future pharmacogenomics findings we can only speculate – but it will probably be large.
