astrocyte-mediated vasodilation [54]. Nevertheless, in spite of these few early studies, surprisingly little is currently known about how different forms of non-proliferative astrocyte reactivity alter essential astrocyte functions. As discussed above, in healthy CNS, astrocytes interact with many cell types and exert a multitude of activities crucial for normal CNS function. Dissecting the adaptative and maladaptive effects of non-proliferative astrocyte reactivity after different types of CNS insults represents a large and important challenge for future studies.
