leads to the formation of mutagenic DNA adducts (Millonig et al., 2011). Based on these considerations, a plausible hypothesis is that alcohol-related breast cancer risk is correlated with the amount of time when a woman has BACs at a level sufficient to induce CYP2E1, which can be roughly related to binge drinking. Therefore, although not discussed by Chen et al. (2011) their observations linking binge drinking to breast cancer risk are in fact consistent with a mechanism involving genotoxicity from induction of CYP2E1 in breast tissue.