Table S1 outlines the genotyping methods used for each cohort, individual and SNP exclusion thresholds, and imputation algorithms. For the CoLaus and GEMS studies, genotypes were obtained using the Affymetrix Genechip Human Mapping 500k array with the Bayesian Robust Linear Modeling using Mahalanobis distance (BRLMM) algorithm [52]. The TwinsUK samples were genotyped using the Illumina calling algorithm on the Illumina HumanHap300, HumanCNV370 Duo and HumanHap 550 [40]. The FOS employed the Affymetrix 500k and MIPS 50k genotyping arrays. Both the BLSA and InCHIANTI cohorts used the Illumina Human Hap 550 genotyping arrays, while the Illumina Human Hap300 array was used in the ALSPAC cohort. Targeted genotyping was performed in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort using TaqMan SNP genotyping assay (Applied Biosystems, Warrington, UK) according to the manufacturer's protocol. Genotype frequencies were in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) (P>0.50), call rates were >94% and concordances were >98% for the TaqMan assay.
