Human tissue samples were obtained with informed consent and were approved through the Wayne State University IRB. Methods were carried out in accordance with the approved guidelines. Human neocortex samples were removed from 14 patients with refractory epilepsy. For each patient the tissues were mapped to brain regions with a known amount of interictal activity (frequency of electric activity between seizures) and separated in low and high levels as described previously2540. Briefly, total RNA was extracted from the gray matter only, purified, and reverse transcribed using SuperScript II Reverse Transcriptase (Life Technologies, CA, USA). RT-PCR was performed using Fast SYBR Green Master Mix (Life Technologies, CA, USA) in a StepOnePlus instrument (Life Technologies, CA, USA). Statistics were determined using a paired t-test. A complete experimental description and primer sequences are provided in Supplemental Experimental Procedures.
