particularly important for the analyses of type 2 diabetes SNPs since there is evidence that at least two of the known loci influence birth weight via the maternal genotype49,50. For each set of loci, we used the binomial probability (sign) test, available at http://faculty.vassar.edu/lowry/binomialX.html, to assess whether there was more evidence of negative or positive associations with birth weight than the 50% expected under the null.
