Although a multi-dimensional craving assessment such as the Desires for Alcohol Questionnaire (DAQ) might offer a more powerful model providing overlapping and perhaps additional independent association results, we were unable to employ this measure in the current study because the questionnaire was only administered to a small subset of one participating study. However, Kramer et al (Kramer et al., 2010) have studied the DAQ and found it to correlate well with this single craving item. Whether the 3 facets identified in that study (Strong Desires/Intentions, Negative Reinforcement and Positive Reinforcement and ability to control drinking) yield differing genetic signals should be investigated when larger samples with genetic data become available.
